Taking the great change that began in the 1960s in terms of Church, society, and education in Brazil as a starting point, this article extends the existing discussion by turning its attention to three fundamental aspects of it: (1) how to manage and coordinate Catholic education; (2) how to deal with the diversification process of the religious sphere in Brazil; and (3) how to make Catholic education effectively consistent in a healthy relationship with the laicity of the State (secular State). The article concludes with some provocations to advance in the process of reflection.