School and district administrators are taking a variety of measures to improve school safety. The job of selecting an appropriate program, however, is not an easy one, considering the myriad possibilities and the need to know where to allocate precious resources. RAND examined the literature regarding these programs and found that only a handful have been evaluated, and even fewer have been deemed effective or even promising. The goal of this paper is to describe the options currently available for schools. Key components of various approaches are analyzed in terms of their potential positive and negative effects to assist administrators in the selection of policies, programs, and procedures while waiting for evaluations to be conducted. Programs considered include physical surveillance, including weapons deterrence and the presence of security guards or officers on campus; school policies designed to prevent violence by punishing those who perpetrate violence; instruction-based programs designed to address the precursors of violence, including bullying; profiling of potentially violent individuals; counseling at-risk students; and conflict mediation and resolution. While waiting for evaluations to be conducted, decision-makers can make meaningful choices by matching their goals with the primary goals of the various approaches. (Contains 30 references.) (RT)