The essays in this collection provide insights into the dilemmas faced by immigrants and ethnic minorities and by school personnel and policy makers. The first part of the book consists of comparative studies of ethnic identity, and the second part focuses on some lessons learned from studies of ethnic identification and equity, with implications for teaching. The following essays are included: (1) "Cultural Politics of the White Ethniclass in the Mid-Nineties" (George and Louise Spindler); (2) "Leadership, Education, and Political Action: The Emergence of New Latino Ethnic Identities" (Cirenio Rodriguez and Enrique (Henry) T. Trueba); (3) "Power and Learning in a Multi-Ethnic High School: Dilemmas of Policy and Practice" (Jon Wagner); (4) "Teaching against the Grain in Bilingual Education: Resistance in the Classroom Underlife" (Rebecca Constantino and Christian Faltis); (5) "Affirmative Action in Engineering Education: A Case Study" (James F. Shackelford, Penelope L. Shackelford, and Enrique (Henry) T. Trueba); (6) "The Policy of Modernization of Education: A Challenge to Democracy in Mexico" (Beatriz Calvo); (7) "Indigenous Images and Identity in Pluricultural Mexico: Media as Official Apologist and Catalyst for Democratic Action" (Robert DeVillar); (8) "The Role of Media in Armed and Peaceful Struggles for Identity: Indigenous Self-Expression in Mexico" (Robert DeVillar and Victor Franco); (9) "Mixed Messages: Moroccan Children in the Netherlands Living in Two Worlds" (Lotty Eldering); (10) "State Terrors: Immigrants and Refugees in the Post-National Space" (Marcelo M. Suarez-Orozco); (11) "Identity, Cultural Diversity, and Education: Notes toward a Pedagogy of the Excluded" (Elvira S. Lima and Marcelo G. Lima); (12) "Dancing with Bigotry: The Poisoning of Racial and Ethnic Identities" (Donaldo Macedo and Lilia I. Bartolome); (13) "Aspects of the Cultural Politics of Alaskan Education" (David M. Smith); (14) "Dilemmas Faced by Critical Ethnographers in China" (Yali Zou); and (15) "Afterword: !Ya Basta!" (Peter McLaren). Each chapter contains references. (Contains four tables and two figures.) (SLD)