An evaluation of the bilingual education (BE) and English-as-a-Second Language (ESL) programs provided to limited English proficient (LEP) students by the Austin Independent School District (AISD) (Texas) looks at enrollment rates and trends and student achievement within the programs. In 1995-96, AISD enrolled 10,290 LEP students, about 14 percent of the district's total enrollment. Of these 92 percent were Spanish speakers and 3 percent Vietnamese speakers. Most (9,059) were served by BE and ESL programs; parents of 1,231 refused services (refusals). Cost per served student was $204 above the regular district allocation. Both number and percentage of LEP students has increased yearly for 8 years. Achievement of LEP students, measured by standardized tests, is generally below state and national comparison groups. Students participating in and exiting BE/ESL programs showed better academic progress, dropped out less often, and had fewer disciplinary problems than others. LEP students served had higher grades, attendance rates in secondary school, and fewer discipline problems than refusals. (MSE)