In 1993 the Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy issued a report titled "Science, Technology, and the Federal Government: National Goals for a New Era" (the Goals report) which proposed a framework for federal policy to support science and technology. This document can be considered a companion volume to the Goals report and aims at reshaping the current Ph.D. experience and improving students' ability to make good career choices. Topics covered include: the changing context of graduate education; employment of graduate scientists and engineers including current employment conditions, employment trends, employer perspectives, and the changing context of employment; the education of graduate scientists and engineers including the master's experience, the doctoral experience, time to degree, mechanisms of assistance, career information and guidance, the graduate education of women and minority-group students, foreign graduate students, and postdoctoral education; and a discussion of major related issues including the right number of science and engineering Ph.D.s, the issue of foreign students, time to employment, and information and analysis needs. Recommendations, statistical figures, and data tables are included. Seven appendices include statistics on graduate education of scientists and engineers and employment trends among scientists and engineers with graduate degrees. Contains 66 references. (JRH)