The lives of accomplished bilingual adults who were educated in Massachusetts schools are reviewed to analyze the role of transitional bilingual education (TBE) in their lives. The 12 adults interviewed, chosen not as a representative sample, but because they have succeeded in life, attended bilingual education in Massachusetts, generally in urban areas, at elementary or secondary levels. All have gone on to successful careers, and all are fully bilingual. Two case studies, that of a Chinese-American student who entered the bilingual program in second grade and that of a student from the Dominican Republic who entered bilingual education in high school, are presented in detail. Factors that made a difference in the elementary education of bilingual students were found to be: (1) native language development; (2) native language use in content areas; (3) intensive English instruction; (4) participation in accelerated programs; (5) qualified bilingual teachers; and (6) supportive peers. At the secondary level, similar factors, as well as activities supporting college preparation, were found. One figure and one table illustrate the discussion. (Contains 13 references.) (SLD)