The design of computer materials for self-directed language learning is discussed from two points of view: (1) adaptability or flexibility of computer materials; and (2) the potential and limitations of computer-assisted instruction for enhancing autonomous learning. Important considerations in designing flexible materials through careful programming are discussed, including the need to assess differing learner needs and abilities, address them, and provide feedback appropriate to the individual's performance. Examples are offered from computer programs currently available or in development. Discussion of the issue of self-direction in language learning draws on recent research on this form of learning, and on the construction and sequencing of learning modules within a program. Again, examples are offered. It is concluded that while computer-assisted language learning can benefit from what has already been accomplished in programming and materials design, both within and outside the field of language instruction, there is a need for much more research into the concept and construction of intelligent tutorial systems and self-directed language learning, especially as the technology advances. A brief list of references is included. (MSE)