This study examined the relation of parenting style and parents' personality to children's Type A behavior pattern. Teachers rated 38 second- through fifth-grade children on the Matthews Youth Test for Health (MYTH), which was used to measure children's Type A behavior. Two subscale scores, leadership-competitiveness and impatience-aggression, were derived from the MYTH ratings. Parents of 19 of the children completed 7 scales which measured family cohesiveness and parents' Type A personality, Type A attitudes, anger, and perceptions of their child's distractibility and ego resilience. Results indicated that: (1) Type A children were perceived by their parents as having ego resilience; (2) parental Type A personality was not associated with children's MYTH scores; (3) fathers' Type A personality was negatively correlated with children's leadership subscale score; and (4) parents' anger was not associated with children's MYTH scores. These results were unexpected. Other results indicated that family cohesiveness was associated with leadership and children's MYTH scores were associated with family Type A behavior. Children's leadership was associated with parental Type A behavior and attitudes. Mothers' traits and behaviors predicted children's Type A profile more strongly than did fathers'. A list of 10 references is included. (BC)