The Second IEA Science Study (SISS) was carried out in 1983 in 24 countries. In the United States a second phase of testing was undertaken in 1986. This document describes the organization of the study in the United States and highlights some of the results and their possible implications for science education. The countries included in the SISS are Australia, China, Canada, England, Finland, Ghana, Hong Kong, Hungary, Israel, Italy, Japan, Korea (Republic), The Netherlands, Nigeria, Norway, Papua-New Guinea, Philippines, Poland, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Tanzania, United States, and Zimbabwe. Sections include (1) "Some Results from the Second IEA Science Study"; (2) "Science Education in the 1970s and 1980s: What Changes Have Taken Place?"; (3) "Sex and Science Achievement"; (4) "The Second IEA Science Study and Science Education in the United States"; and (5) "Comments and Reactions." (KR)