This focus paper contains reprints of 11 articles intended to provide an overview of the key issues in the area of adolescent behavior change as it relates to Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) education. Included are: (1) "Preventing HIV Infection and AIDS in Children and Adolescents" (J. Brooks-Gunn, Cherrie B. Boyer, and Karen Hein); (2) "AIDS in Adolescents: Exploring the Challenge" (Karen Hein); (3) "A Theoretical Approach to School-based HIV Prevention" (Diane DeMuth Allensworth and Cynthia Wolford Symons); (4) "A Preliminary Study of Social Issues in AIDS Prevention Among Adolescents" (Michael W. Ross, Chris Caudle, and Julie Taylor); (5) "Adolescent Sexual Behavior" (Jeanne Brooks-Gunn and Frank F. Furstenberg, Jr.); (6)"Self-Efficacy and AIDS Prevention for Pregnant Teens" (Lyn Lawrence, Susan R. Levy, and Laurna Rubinson); (7) "Substance Abuse Prevention Research: Recent Developments and Future Directions" (Gilbert Botvin); (8) "Prevention of Substance Abuse in Children and Adolescents" (George Comerci and Donald Ian MacDonald); (9) "The Efficacy of Peer Leaders in Drug Abuse Prevention" (Knut-Inge Klepp, Andrew Halper, and Cheryl L. Perry); (10) "The Theoretical Concept of At-Risk Adolescents" (Charles E. Irwin, Jr.); and (11) "The Role of Affect and Social Relationships in Health Behavior and School Health Curriculum and Instruction" (Maurice J. Elias). Selected annotated bibliographies, identified by searching the ERIC database, Centers for Disease Control Combined Health Information Database (CHID), MEDLINE database, Psychological Abstracts database, and Sociological Abstracts database, are appended. (LLL)