In earlier times, practically everything was taught by apprenticeships. Schools are a recent invention that use many fewer teaching resources, but the computer enables us to go back to the resource-intensive mode of education, in a form called cognitive apprenticeship. This involves the use of modeling, coaching, reflecting on performance, and articulation methods of traditional apprenticeships, but with an emphasis on cognitive rather than physical skills. In the situated learning approach, knowledge and skills are taught in contexts that reflect how the knowledge will be used in real life situations. Technology thus enables us to realize apprenticeship learning environments that were either not possible or not cost effective before. (3 figures, 31 references) (EW)