The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference in attitude toward and achievement in science between boys and girls in grade two (n=129) and in grade five (n=154) and to compare the differences found for elementary school students to those found previously for middle school students. For this study, "attitude toward science" was defined in terms of attitude as measured by the Nyberg and Clark Attitudinal Scale. "Achievement in science" was defined as a determination of the student's work in science as measured by the Stanford Achievement Test (Science Section). The results of this study indicate that there are no significant differences between elementary boys' and girls' attitudes toward or achievement in science as a school subject. Included in this paper are the statement of the problem, definitions, a description of the sample, the procedure, results, conclusions, and the implications. (KR)