The paper addresses issues involved in the aging of persons disabled earlier through spinal dysfunction (post-polio and spinal cord injury) and mental retardation. Biological, psychological, and social aspects of aging are examined separately. In a discussion of longevity and physical health, causes of functional aging are considered. Psychological factors, such as depression, motivational problems, and cognitive problems are reviewed and the lack of research on this population cited. Social considerations, such as marriage stability, child rearing patterns, and living arrangements are discussed. Studies of physical health (including motor and respiratory problems) and psychological aspects (such as career satisfaction and affective disorders) are recommended, and service needs for this population are pointed out. (CL)