A 1975 U.S. Office of Economic Opportunity Census Update Survey was analyzed in an effort to investigate local-born and migrant populations of Hawaii. Findings showed that among the local-born, the most notable recent development has been the rise of the Orientals (essentially Japanese and Chinese) to equality with the haoles (essentially non-Portuguese and non-Puerto Rican Caucasians) on some social and economic indices and clear superiority on others. In contrast, local-born Filipinos and members of other groups remain disadvantaged on all dimensions. Mainland-born haoles initially suffer from high unemployment but are characterized by moderate income and high educational and occupational levels. Their income and homeownership levels appear to improve markedly with increasing duration of residence. Among Asian immigrants, recent arrivals are characterized by occupational and income levels far below what would be expected given their educational levels. Cultural and historical explanations for these and other findings are examined. A projection of the Hawaii population to the year 2000 demonstrates slower than expected growth for the haole population, a large increase in the proportion that is Filipino, and a large drop in the Oriental share of the population. (Author/RM)