Data on 1980 college and university enrollments and trends observed for the preceding several years are presented. Information is provided on enrollment in institutions of higher education by control and level of institution, student sex, and attendance status of student, major field of study, and race/ethnicity. Specific data include: enrollment of first-time freshmen in institutions of higher education, by control and level of institution; undergraduate, graduate, and first-professional enrollments by race/ethnicity; enrollments for the aggregate United States; level of enrollment, attendance status, and student sex for the 100 institutions with the largest enrollment in 1980; public and private college enrollments; and full-time equivalent and part-time enrollments. Highlights are as follows: 1980 enrollments increased by 4.5 percent over the fall 1979 level; enrollment increases occurred for all types of institutions, with two-year institutions showing more growth than universities and other four-year schools; and the number of women enrolling in higher education institutions rose 5.7 percent compared with a 3.3 percent increase for men; part-time enrollment rose 4.7 percent, and students enrolled part time maintained a 41-percent share of the population at all institutions; the number of men enrolled in graduate programs rose 0.8 percent in 1980; enrollment of first-time freshmen increased 3.4 percent at all institutions between 1979 and 1980, but public and private universities reported declines in the number of first-time freshmen. In addition to statistical tables and graphs, narrative sections are included, along with a questionnaire and information on the research methodology. (SW)