The American Association of University Professors' (AAUP) support for the right of institutions to deny academic freedom to professors of religion is traced historically. It is suggested AAUP would not likely censor an institution that chose to restrain heretical opinions, although this position conflicts with AAUP's strong support for open academic inquiry. The 1965-1967 Kilgore committee members appeared to prefer an option that was not being considered: the elimination of a religious restraint clause. Currently, professors of religion in church-related colleges and universities face the following unresolved questions: (1) should church-related colleges and universities have the right to restrain a professor's challenge to the church's doctrines? (2) If a college announced its policy of restraint of nonconforming opinions at the time a professor was hired, would the AAUP censor the college administration if it moved through proper channels to terminate a subsequent expression of nonconformity? Since 1950 AAUP has not spoken in support of the restraint clause, but has also failed to repudiate it. (SW)