A study assessed the training effectiveness of instructional materials designed in accordance with three format models for (1) recalling facts about equipment, (2) applying rules and regulations, and (3) classifying objects and signals. Three types of self-paced instructional materials were compared: learning aids, programmed instruction, and traditional text. The evaluation was conducted at the Quartermaster School, Service School Command, Naval Training Center, Orlando, Florida. The materials provided information and skill development related to navigational lights, one part of the International Rules of the Road. Results showed that training conducted with materials designed according to the learning aids format produces better student performance than training with programmed or traditional instructional materials. Students using learning aids spent more time studying. Effective techniques common to the format models were division of material into small, easily learned blocks; use of illustrations; distributed practice through exercises, self-tests, and directions for remediation at appropriate points; and immediate feedback on student responses. (Appendixes include data tables and excerpts from instructional materials.) (YLB)