In 6 chapters, 180 tables, and 10 figures, this document provides large amounts of statistical data on most aspects of U.S. education, both public and private. The chapters cover (1) all levels of education, (2) elementary and secondary education, (3) two- and four-year colleges and universities, (4) adult and vocational education, (5) federal programs for education and related activities, and (6) special studies and statistics related to education. The data are chiefly for the 1970's up through 1982, but historical data from as far back as 1869 are provided. Among the variables included are enrollment, number of schools, school districts, instructional level, public or private control, retention rates, educational attainment, race, sex, age, state, socioeconomic status, literacy, educational finance (including income, expenditures, and federal, state, and local funding), student transportation, teachers, salaries, subject areas, foreign languages, urban schools, special education, high school graduates and dropouts, preprimary education, higher education degrees, financial aid, vocational education, personal income, property values, federal outlays and programs, occupation and industry, labor force status, international education, educational television, and libraries. A short introduction points out major findings, while each chapter has brief overviews of significant trends. An index is included. (RW)