This paper presents, in question-and-answer format, a discussion of the complexities and implications of physical education theory and suggestions for applying this knowledge to the development of physical fitness programs in Canadian schools. The questions consider: (1) the need for physical exercise; (2) definition of physical fitness; (3) basic principles of fitness development; (4) performance- and health-related components of physical fitness; (5) types of activities included in developmental fitness programs; (6) the role of physical fitness testing; (7) the role of schools in fitness development; and (8) promoting physical fitness through school activities and environment. (FG)