Since the population of 17-to-21-year-old males, the traditional source for military recruitment, will decline sharply during the 1980s, consideration is being given to recruiting males aged 23-29. A national survey was conducted to assess the interest of 23-to-29-year-old men in joining the military under present conditions and with monetary (bonuses, educational incentives, lateral entry pay) and nonmonetary (training, job, location, guarantees, contract length options) incentives. A variation of random digit dialing was used to locate males in the sample age group not currently in the military; telephone numbers were drawn so that listings for each state were proportional to state population; and interviewing was terminated when approximately 4,000 interviews were obtained. Results of the survey showed that 12.7 percent of the respondents indicated they were definitely or probably planning to join the military, with the Air Force the most preferred service. Persons planning to join the military most commonly listed training, gaining new skills/experience, patriotism, and economic factors as motivating factors. Persons not interested in joining the military noted already having families and jobs as deterrents. The survey also showed that training and locational guarantees, educational benefits, and lateral entry pay were powerful incentives. It was concluded that marketing/advertising strategies need to be developed to recruit men of the 23-29 age group into the military service. (KC)