Preintegration attitudes and expectations of 1,936 men and 346 women assigned to six Navy ships were measured before the women reported aboard, through the administration of gender-specific versions of the "Navy in Transition" questionnaire. An additional 483 men assigned to a ship not scheduled for integration completed the questionnaire for control purposes. Results showed that the majority of men believed integration would improve crew morale, but would have a negative impact on discipline and would increase interpersonal conflict. Lower ranking men favored integration, although they held the most traditional attitudes toward the roles of women and expected women to receive preferential treatment in job assignments, physically demanding work, and disciplinary action. Men working in departments where women are rarely found held traditional attitudes toward women's roles and were pessimistic about integration. The women were most concerned with profanity, success in their jobs, and resentment from men. (KC)