Beginning with an overview of the Tanzanian education system, this essay examines the problems associated with school library programs in Tanzania and reviews the steps being taken to improve those programs and enhance the effectiveness of school libraries within the Tanzanian educational system. The actions of the Tanzanian government affecting the performance of school libraries are recounted, the present state of school libraries in Tanzania is described, and the level of school library use is discussed. An outline of the support services provided to school libraries by the Tanzania Library Services is provided, as well as a list of steps toward the improvement of the school library system. (JL)