This monograph contains the results of the University of Michigan Rehabilitation Research Institute (UM-RRI) project activities with the Virginia Department of Rehabilitative Services model program evaluation unit to examine issues related to similar benefits in rehabilitation. A framework and discussion paper for future aspects of this project are provided with guidelines for the remainder of the project. A review of legislative mandates relevant to the development of similar benefits discusses the provisions of the Rehabilitation Acts and their implications for the development of similar benefits within the state-federal rehabilitation program. After the literature review of previous studies, the results of a survey developed by UM-RRI to obtain information from rehabilitation agency personnel on similar benefits are followed by a discussion of issues and problems related to the identification, use, and evaluation of a similar benefits program in rehabilitation agencies. A conceptual model for a similar benefits program within the state rehabilitation program offers a framework through which a similar benefits program may be conducted in the rehabilitation agency. (Author/NRB)