This report presents the results of a project designed to assist the Department of Education, Office of Libraries and Learning Technologies (OLLT), and the wider community serves to identify research priorities for the 1980s in the field of library and information science. The rationale for establishing a national research agenda for the 1980s is discussed, and definitions of library science, information science, and research are presented. The project design and methodology are described, with special emphasis on the nature and function of the centerpiece of the project, a 3-day meeting at which carefully selected library and information science professionals evaluated and ranked topics for research in order to establish a Research Agenda. A summary report of this meeting is included as well as the Research Agenda, which is made up of 20 projects in four broad areas, and discussion of interpretations and possible uses of the Research Agenda. A list of meeting participants, 13 tables, and a 55-item bibliography accompany the text. Appended to the report are the results of a literature scan on library information science research, full descriptions of research agenda projects, and summaries of non-agenda projects. (JL)