This report outlines changes in training and education that have taken place in the 1960s and the first years of the 1970s in three countries of Eastern Europe--the German Democratic Republic, Poland, and the USSR. Compiled in the report is information from legal and assimilated texts, as well as from studies and reports, articles, and authoritative opinions emanating from official bodies, research institutes, and private persons from the three countries examined. Some special social and economic problems, educational policy trends, and the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CMEA) are discussed. Described next is the institutional structure of the educational system of each country. Trends and developments in several specific areas are traced, including young people in training and employment, girls and women, vocational guidance, further education and training, rural areas, research and development, occupations recognized for training purposes, and teaching staff. Following a series of final observations, substantive abstracts of selected tests are provided. Also included in the report is a 106-item annotated bibliography on training systems in each of the three above-mentioned countries as well as in other CMEA countries. (MN)