The Pennsylvania Preschool Inventory (PPI) was developed as a straight-forward and efficient measure of the relative cognitive development of the young child, offering an alternative to more complicated, elaborate assessment instruments. Results of the inventory are potentially relevant to both current and future school success of children between the ages of three and six. Although the young child's socio-behavioral, creative and motor abilities are also strongly related to academic achievement, the cognitive area was deemed of foremost concern in the assessment of early school experiences. The purpose of the Pennsylvania Preschool Inventory is to furnish a cognitive assessment device, incorporating the qualities of practicality, accuracy, and reliability. The 61 items are divided into six separate sections: Passive Vocabulary, Complementary Relationships, Noncomplementary Relationship, Number Concepts, Verbal Analogies, and Awareness of Self. The Testing Manual includes complete instructions for administration; and standardization and technical information, such as a description of the test construction and standardization procedures, information on scoring and interpreting the test, norms based on Title I eligible children, and reliability and validity data. The Test Plates are the pictures used for administration of the PPI. (Author/BW)