Differences in academic career participation by men and women and their marital and child bearing rates are assessed along with current research findings on dual-career faculty couples. Case study research on 10 dual-career couples is reviewed, with emphasis on familial relationships resulting from commitment to two careers. Observations regarding dual career couples within the academic setting, and characteristics of both institutions and faculty couples that influence the integration of career and family, are reported. The argument is made that modification of institutional structures to accommodate dual career couples is beneficial to both sides. The case study research suggests that there seems to be little change in the pattern of how household tasks are distributed; overall, dual career families appear to spend less time on housework tasks, children take more responsibility, and husbands contribute slightly more. Sociological research indicates that women continue to spend more time on household tasks than do men and seem to be the major "psychic parent." Research has also suggested that women in dual-career marriages cut off leisure and recreational activities. Perspectives on successful dual-career marriages and the future of these arrangements are considered. (SW)