The intent of this paper is to provide groundwork that will lead in the direction of conceptual and methodological clarity, coherence, and organization for empirical research in intercultural communication in the 1980s. Following a discussion of the nature of intercultural communication, the paper examines its diverse conceptualizations by delineating a number of organizing dimensions. Next, it classifies modes of inquiry in intercultural communication at both the group and individual levels. Current methodological issues relevant to empirical research in the field are then reviewed. In conclusion, the paper discusses the need for integrating the diverse conceptual and methodological orientations. (FL)