Linda Flowers and John Hayes have formulated a cognitive model of the composing situation, including the recursive composing process. This model has been converted into an instructional model that is appropriate for the design of instruction in writing. The instructional model incorporates three major units: task environment, composing process, and long term memory. The task environment includes the composing problem, the text produced, and feedback. The composing process includes planning (setting goals, generating ideas, and arranging them), translating (the actual writing), reviewing, and changing. These subprocesses operate cyclically. Long term memory includes knowledge of content, skills, and techniques used in composing, as well as knowledge of the use of outside sources. (Author/FL)