A comprehensive needs assessment of correctional institution inmates was developed to determine the recreation and physical activity needs of male youthful offenders. The target population consisted of male youthful offenders between the ages of 18 and 21, most of whom were high school dropouts. Formal interviews and a variety of instruments were used to determine self concepts, physical ability, and background information. The results generally supported the predicted relationships among the offenders indicating negative self concepts (especially physical self concept), low self ratings in a variety of sports, a low level of circulorespiratory endurance, and poor skill performances in selected team sports. Results not expected included the inmates' enthusiasm for past school gym classes, desire to excel in physical activity, and interest in individualized physical education. Recommendations for a physical education program based on these results involve student selection of activities, performance objectives based on potential, and the use of trained physical educators, teacher aides, and undergraduate volunteers. (Author/CJ)