Some research has found that masculinity is associated with equally good, if not better, adjustment than androgyny. The relationship between gender-role orientation and psychological adjustment was examined using female college students and upper-middle-class housewives to test the hypothesis that masculine and androgynous women from both samples would exhibit less psychopathology on the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) than feminine and undifferentiated groups. Subjects completed the MMPI and the Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI). The hypothesis was partially supported for college students but not for the housewives. Significant differences between the masculine and androgynous groups and the feminine group did not emerge as predicted, with the exception that the masculine group was significantly less introverted than the feminine group. (Author/HLM)