This document for secondary school Canadian students analyzes the role of agriculture in the national economy and in Canadian trade, describes characteristics of Canadian farms, and discusses governmental inlfuences on Canadian agriculture. The document stresses that agriculture is a large source of national wealth; about 30% of Canadian farm production is exported, with wheat and wheat flour accounting for half the exports. Characteristics of Canadian farms are discussed in terms of size, what is produced where, specialization of produce, and factors involved in fluctuating prices. Tables illustrate farm sizes from 1951 to 1976, farm cash receipts and expenditures by region, and the value of products sold. Products are classified as: dairy; poultry; livestock; fruits, vegetables, and potatoes; wheat, oats, and barley; and other crops. A discussion of governmental laws, boards, and regulations concludes the document. Involvement of government is described as a result of specialized, large-scale production, farmers' income instability, and the imbalance of market power that exists between farmers and those who deal with farmers. Government programs include: grading, inspection, and health standards; research, extension, and information; crop insurance and credit; stabilization programs; and marketing boards. (KC)