At the request of the Chief Officers of the State Library Agencies, the Gallup Organization, Inc. studied attitudes and behavior concerning the use of public libraries in America and reported their findings. In the first phase of this national survey, 1,561 adult men and women were asked their sources of information; the extent to which the library served as a resource; their readership of books, magazines, and newspapers; purpose for which books are read; the type of books read; where books and magazines are obtained; their incidence of library use; their encouragement of their children's library use; suggestions for library improvement; their awareness of library funding; and their ownership of a library card. Based on their replies to these questions, respondents were partitioned into user and non-user groups and questioned regarding their particular circumstances. The demographic information taken for crosstabular analysis included sex, age, education, occupation, region of residence, and stage in life. Data are presented in 155 tables and a summary of key findings is included. (JVP)