Teachers in the content areas of the curriculum must expend effort and use ingenuity in motivating students to learn the literacy skills of listening, speaking, thinking, reading, writing, and computing. To foster this enthusiasm for learning, seven elements are essential in any teaching strategy: interests (knowing the students' interests and providing materials that will make them want to read); visibility (recognizing and displaying student achievements); involvement (allowing students to participate in the class presentation); relevance (relating the learning content to the life experiences of the students); "effectance" (involving the principles of sequence, consistency, and continuity in teaching skills), expectancy (conveying confidence in the student's ability to master the learning task); and attitude and set (creating a positive classroom atmosphere in which the students feel accepted by the teacher and their peers). (MAI)