This volume is one of the products that emerged from Project Labor Market, a study financed by the City of New York's Human Resources Administration to investigate the relation between poverty and the job market in New York City. Although focused on that city, the project's specific aim was to determine how a labor market policy could and should be developed to help in the eradication of poverty throughout the nation. Though this book may be described as a general attempt to explore the need for and possibilities of job redesign in New York City Government, its principal focus is on the largest employer within this governmental unit--the Department of Hospitals. In Chapter I, the study examines labor supply and demand factors in the health field generally and in the municipal hospital system, in an attempt to explain the reasons for persistent vacancies in skilled and professional positions. Chapter 2 sets forth the new careers concept and its relevance to health services. Some of the specific applications of the concept are examined and evaluated on the basis of their accomplishments. On the basis of this examination, a proposal for a systematic redesign of the municipal hospital occupational structure is set forth in Chapter 3. Chapter 4 presents data on vacancies in other city agencies and examines the applicability of the new careers concept for these agencies. (Author/JLB)