This is the first volume of a three-volume study that examined the types of people who are better off by moving from a rural to an urban area and considered possible intervention in the rural-urban migration process. The population for the study was composed of Mexican-Americans who migrated from South Texas to San Antonio and Chicago, Negroes who moved from Yazoo County, Mississippi to Chicago, and Anglo-Americans who migrated from Butler County, Kentucky to Louisville and Indianapolis. Interviews were conducted with rural residents and with migrants from rural areas to specified urban areas. Male Anglos and Mexican-Americans were interviewed and both male and female Negroes were interviewed because of the unusual economic role of the Negro female. Volume I contains a summary of the program, plan and design of the research project, and an index. Volume II and III, which are the body of the report, are available as VT 010 920 and VT 010 921, respectively. (BC)