Essays by Ivan Illich assert the worldwide need to abolish compulsory schooling along with dependence on rigid certification, unchallenged expertise, unlimited production and consumption, and certain other values fostered by educational systems in modern industrial and developing societies, regardless of ideology. Formal schooling, as presently constituted, is seen as the key element in a "ritual of progress" that generates new wants without meeting basic human needs. Illich proposes a broad, flexible network of educational resources and opportunities which would enable each citizen freely to chart his own educational course at any or all stages of life. (LY)