This monograph is the summary report of the "Education and the Rural-Urban Transformation" (ERUT) portion of the United States Office of Education research contract concerning "Content and Instructional Methods of Education for the Economic-Political-Social Development of Nations." The ERUT team conducted a continuing seminar throughout the three-year period, for purposes of reviewing relevant literature, discussing conceptual frameworks, setting priorities among research needs, and helping individual researchers develop their own research plans and designs. In this manner a total of nine monographs were planned, each to be written by a member of the seminar group. Eight of these nine are "country case studies" involving empirical fieldwork focusing on a particular ERUC-type problem in a Third World country. The ninth is a conceptual and theoretical monograph. The findings of three completed monographs, and the scope and design of the remaining six are summarized here. The completed studies were conducted in Thailand, Turkey, and the Philippines. Included among those to be completed are an additional study in Thailand, two more in the Phillipines, and one each in Sarawak and Uganda. (Author/SLD)