This report is concerned with Title I of ESEA, the Federal funding provisions most directly concerned with disadvantaged pupils. Pursuant to the Congressional directive, the Commissioner authorized a number of studies including nationwide surveys of educational activities financed with funds drawn from ESEA Title I. One survey of public elementary schools was made during the latter part of the 1967-68 school year, and the results obtained from the survey are current for June 1969. Studies also are conducted and reported regularly by State education agencies, and by each of the approximately 17,000 public school districts that administer Title I funds to support academic projects and related activities. Title I programs for disadvantaged pupils are examined in addition by interested parents' and citizens' committees, and by research scientists who specialize in learning problems of disadvantaged children and youth. Nonetheless, this is considered the first report that endeavors to examine the nature and extent of Title I activities conducted through State and local public education agencies, and the first to examine Title I performance as an instrument of national policy. (Author/JM)