This report describes the second or followup phase of a project begun in 1962, which was designed to analyze the effect of home and maternal influence on the cognitive development of urban preschool children from three socioeconomic levels. Reported is the academic performance and cognitive attainment of 158 original study children during their first two years of school. The text of the report offers concepts and constructs related to the child's school achievement in the first and second grades, stylistic aspects of children's behavior, the child's cognitive development, cognitive behavior of mother and child, the child's language and the child's exploratory behavior and interests. A summary chapter highlights results of the followup phase. Extensive appendixes supplement the text by providing detailed analyses of testing techniques, interview procedures, and statistical data. References are included. The final report of the preschool phase of this study is available as PS 003 334. (WY)