The process of Indian urban adjustment is investigated in this study of American Indians in Toronto, Canada. Major factors which influence Indian settlement in Canadian cities and the patterns of accommodation are illustrated. Institutions within the urban environment which provide the social supports permitting easier Indian accommodation within the urban area, along with factors which tend to retard the formation of Indian reserve communities within the city, are described. This report is the result of interviews with 150 urban Indians and data collection from social workers; federal, provincial, and municipal government officials; community planners; teachers; and organizers. (JH)