A 5-year study was conducted to determine cultural behavior factors affecting community development. The site was a 40-acre tract within the community of Guadalupe, Arizona, and the principal subjects were 79 Yaqui Indian families. Thirty-three other Indian families (non-Yaqui) and 13 Mexican-American families also resided in the tract, producing observable cultural interactions. Experimentation was initiated through the Yaqui religious hierarchy, this being their only functional leadership structure. Principles of operant psychology and applied and cultural anthropology were utilized. Areas of development selected by the residents were recreation, adult education, and house construction. The Yaqui showed increased interest in community development, and 2 of the men exhibited significant leadership ability. Major factors affecting the work were a lack of leadership structure outside of their religion, cultural differences between participants, a reluctance to accept outside assistance, and a lack of motivation. [Not available in hard copy due to marginal legibility of original document.] (BD)