The major aim of this study was to obtain a measure of the relative teaching effectiveness of television instruction as compared to regular instruction, utilizing as subject matter parts of the Army basic training program. The study was not designed to reorganize the curriculum for television, nor was it designed to maximize the television presentation. The same instructors taught the courses to both the experimental and control groups. The groups were matched for intelligence on the basis of the Army Area I scores. The use of kinescope recordings as a review method was also explored. The results of the study indicate that television instruction was at least as effective as regular instruction and was especially effective for lower-aptitude groups. When kinescope recordings were used for review purposes following initial instruction, test performances were significantly higher, especially in the low-aptitude groups. These results suggest that the two possible applications for television contemplated by the Army, mass training during emergency situations and routine training at Army Schools and installations, could be carried out without a loss in learning effectiveness. The appendices contain information relating to research methodology. (JY)