In Duplin County, North Carolina, a summer 1968 institute for the county's Negro and Caucasian teachers and principals was planned and operated by local educators in response to local problems of desegregation. Although recruitment began late, more teachers and principals than were expected volunteered in equal numbers from each race. One of the major goals of the program was to improve both the attitudes and knowledge these professionals had about each other and about children from different cultural backgrounds. Each three-week institute (one in July and one in August) discussed characteristics of the rural Duplin County, problems of desegregation from a Negro child's point of view, and teacher-teacher and teacher-adult relationships. The 161 participants were asked to complete 25 "think" questions during the third week regarding their opinions on racial situations, a feedback questionnaire on the last day which assessed the institute and what they had learned, and a followup questionnaire in December (as part of a two-day review session). Answers revealed that 95 percent of the respondents believed that the institute had helped desegregation proceed more smoothly, and they requested another in 1969; it was also found that participants had known very little about each other as members of the opposite race prior to the institute. The institute was unique in its local character; future ones need to include parents and more extensive followups. (A 25-item bibliography, a chapter on Duplin County characteristics, and the three questionnaires are included.) (LP)