The research concerned differences within a basically rural low-income population on changes for social mobility. Mobility potential referred to differential chances for moving from a status of economic dependency to one of self-sufficiency. Two aspects of mobility potential, individual and situational, were conceptualized as influencing movement through mobility channels. Socioeconomic, demographic, and attitudinal data were collected in structured interviews with 231 female AFDC (Aid For Dependent Children) recipients selected from welfare roles in 2 Mississippi counties. Correlational analysis was used to compare the interview data with scores on a five-item index of mobility potential. Comparisons indicated that the AFDC population was generally homogeneous in socioeconomic status and life styles. However, differences between high and low mobility potential groups were found on the following psychological characteristics: (1) individuals with high mobility potential were not adjusted to their present life situation, showed a desire toward conformity to general societal norms and values, and had greater feelings of isolation than those with low mobility potential; and (2) individuals with low mobility potential were adjusted to their life situation and placed great value upon security. (Author/TL)