Sixty kindergarten and sixty second grade children were administered a paired-associate (P-A) task. The subjects in each age group were randomly assigned to one of four groups: (1) experimental with aural presentation of the P-A's, (2) experimental with visual presentation of the P-A's, (3) control with aural presentation of the P-A's and (4) control with visual presentation of the P-A's. An AB-AC paradigm was used. Each of the two P-A lists of this study was composed of five word-pairs or five picture-pairs. The first list presented to the subject was repeated until one perfect anticipation trial was performed, and then the second list was presented for nine trials. The results showed that children reached criterion significantly faster in the visual presentation groups. It was also found that the younger children showed less negative transfer in the AB-AC design than the older children. (WD)