A review of literature between 1942 and 1967 on the use of nonprofessionals in elementary and secondary education indicates that authors somehow involved with teacher aide projects tend to be favorably impressed, while those lacking such involvement are critical. Difficulties in class management, supervision, and evaluation have been cited by those opposed to teacher aides. Proponents have cited advantages in meeting crises, recruiting teachers, enriching the curriculum, involving lay citizens in worthwhile activities, increasing student achievement, and creating an atmosphere conducive to wholesome personality development. In general, the use of teacher aides has become an acceptable part of the educational scene. Recent related findings also show that low income, relatively uneducated nonprofessionals can serve effectively in--and derive benefits from--meaningful teacher aide positions. The document includes 33 references. (ly)