The marked growth in foreign language instruction during the 1957-1960 period is noted and is attributed to the National Defense Education Act (NDEA) of 1958, to the establishment of language laboratory facilities, to the wider use of audiovisual aids and teaching machines, and to the application of linguistic science to language teaching. Discussed here, as evidence of this expansion, are recent surveys on foreign language offerings and enrollments, studies on the new instructional methods and materials introduced, the FLES developments, the testing and evaluation programs, and the recent research projects. A bibliography is included. For a sequel to this article see FL 001 022. (DS)