In a study on improvement of basic motor skills by educable mentally retarded (EMR) children with special training in a sport and game situation, 21 EMR boys and 19 EMR girls (aged 4-1 to 10-1) were divided into an experimental and a control group, matched by chronological age, IQ, sex, and pretest scores on the Basic Skills Test (reliability .97) and the Brace Test Items (eight items were used on this test of general motor skills). An average group (nine boys and 11 girls, 4-10 to 9-7, IQ range 90 to 110) also served as a control. The experimental group received 20- to 25-minute training three times a week for 6 months on these skills; hitting, catching, throwing, running, jumping, bouncing, kicking, hopping, skipping, balancing, and target-throwing. The two control groups remained in the regular physical education programs for EMR and average children. On the two tests, the EMR groups did not differ significantly on pretest scores, but both differed significantly (p=.001) from the average control group. Upon posttesting, the two EMR groups did not differ on the Brace Test; the EMR experimental group differed significantly (p<.001) from the control group on the Basic Skills Tests; and the average group did not differ significantly from the experimental group. (Author/SN)