THERE ARE SEVERAL NOTEWORTHY DEVELOPMENTS AND SOME UNSOLVED PROBLEMS IN FOREIGN- AND SECOND-LANGUAGE LEARNING. INTENSIFIED INTEREST IN INCREASING NUMBERS OF SPANISH-SPEAKING INHABITANTS IN THE AMERICAN SOUTHWEST IS THE MOST VISIBLE DEVELOPMENT IN THE AREA OF SECOND-LANGUAGE LEARNING. IN FOREIGN-LANGUAGE LEARNING, WHERE THE EMPHASIS IS ON CROSS-CULTURAL COMMUNICATION, THE AUDIO-LINGUAL APPROACH IS NOW RECOMMENDED BY NEARLY ALL LEADERS IN THE TEACHING PROFESSION. SOME OF THE NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN LINGUISTICS--TRANSFORMATIONAL GRAMMAR AND FEATURE AND ASPECT ANALYSIS--ARE STILL TOO THEORETICAL TO AFFECT THE TEACHING OF GRAMMAR, BUT MANY OTHER NEW AUDIO-LINGUAL AIDS ARE ALREADY IN USE. NEW LANGUAGES ARE BEING TAUGHT IN THE UNIVERSITIES AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS, STUDY SEQUENCES HAVE BEEN LENGTHENED, AND CURRICULAR COORDINATION IS HELPING TO PROMOTE CULTURAL UNDERSTANDING. THE MODERN LANGUAGE ASSOCIATION, AND OTHER GROUPS, ARE DEFINING NEW STANDARDS OF COMPETENCE FOR TEACHERS AND STUDENTS. RESEARCH IS GOING ON IN SUCH RELATED FIELDS AS THE PHYSIOLOGY, PSYCHOLOGY, AND SOCIOLOGY OF LANGUAGE LEARNING, LINGUISTICS, AND THE SOCIOCULTURAL CONTEXT OF LANGUAGES. THIS PAPER WAS DELIVERED AT THE EDUCATIONAL WRITERS' SEMINAR, WORLD CONFEDERATION OF ORGANIZATIONS OF THE TEACHING PROFESSION, VANCOUVER, BRITISH COLUMBIA, AUGUST 1, 1967. (AF)